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    v1.3 housing 150

    We spend most of our time indoors. Housing and the indoor environment can therefore have significant effects on physical, mental and social health and wellbeing. Furthermore, an unsafe household can cause unintentional injuries such as falls, drowning, poisoning, fires and choking.


    Health threats can arise from a number of indoor environmental factors such as indoor air quality (polluted for example by use of solid fuels), noise, humidity and mould growth, temperature, presence of hazardous substances, for example asbestos, lead, radon and volatile organic compounds (VOC), hygiene and sanitation, and overcrowding.

    Unintentional injuries from falls, drowning, poisoning, fires and choking constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents. Protective measures can reduce this health burden.

    ENHIS information

    Housing policy in the pan-European Region: information and assessment

    The indicators below describe pressure, exposure, health effects and action for the issue under scrutiny. Indicator-based assessments cover all countries in the WHO European Region and provide information on the environment and health context, the policy relevance and context, as well as suggestions for further monitoring. When available, case studies of health impact assessment (HIA) are also presented.

    Indicator-based assessments

    Chart data

    Database

    HIA case study

    Children living in homes with problems of dampness

    X

    X

    Proportion of children living in homes using solid fuels

    X

    X

    Radon levels in dwellings

    X

    X

    Mortality in children and adolescents from selected unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning)

    X

    Policies to reduce and prevent selected unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, poisoning, fires and choking) in children and adolescents

    X


    These indicators contribute to monitoring the health effects of environmental exposures towards the achievement of four priorities goals for the pan-European Region (so called regional priority goals, RPGs) set by the Fourth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health in 2004, and on which the 53 Member States of WHO/Europe have committed to take action. For proper interpretation of these indicators, please read the metadata which are presented on the indicator assessment pages and read the information on the indicator methodology.


    11 January 2008
    Housing
    Mortality in children and adolescents from unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning)
    Excel_ENHIS_datasheetFS2.2

    2.2 Mortality in children and adolescents from unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning), May 2007, http://www.enhis.org

    Fig.1. Proportion of deaths from unintentional injuries by cause in the group aged 0-19 years, WHO European Region, 2002

    RTIs

    16829.47

    Drownings

    6853.708

    Poisonings

    3476.662

    Falls

    2071.845

    Fires

    1971.997

    Other

    14292.37

    2.2 Mortality in children and adolescents from unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning), May 2007, http://www.enhis.org

    Fig.2. Standardised mortality rates for cause-specific unintentional injuries in the group aged 1-19 years, WHO European Region, 2003

    Fig. 2a. Drowning and submersion

    Accidental drowning and submersion, per 100000

    United Kingdom

    0.3

    Slovenia

    0.4

    Italy

    0.4

    Israel

    0.4

    Armenia

    0.5

    Denmark

    0.5

    Georgia

    0.5

    Norway

    0.5

    Germany

    0.5

    Netherlands

    0.6

    Sweden

    0.7

    Switzerland

    0.7

    Ireland

    0.8

    Czech Republic

    0.9

    Spain

    0.9

    Greece

    1.0

    Croatia

    1.1

    Austria

    1.1

    Finland

    1.1

    France

    1.1

    Portugal

    1.2

    Hungary

    1.3

    The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

    1.5

    Poland

    1.9

    Slovakia

    1.9

    Bulgaria

    2.4

    Estonia

    3.0

    Albania

    3.4

    Lithuania

    4.0

    Azerbaijan

    4.2

    Tajikistan

    4.2

    Belarus

    4.3

    Ukraine

    4.6

    Romania

    4.7

    Republic of Moldova

    5.1

    Russian Federation

    6.2

    Kyrgyzstan

    6.3

    Latvia

    6.6

    Kazakhstan

    6.9

    Uzbekistan

    6.9

    2.2 Mortality in children and adolescents from unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning), May 2007, http://www.enhis.org

    Fig.2. Standardised mortality rates for cause-specific unintentional injuries in the group aged 1-19 years, WHO European Region, 2003

    Fig.2b. Poisoning

    Accidental poisoning, per 100000

    Italy

    0.1

    Spain

    0.1

    France

    0.1

    Israel

    0.1

    Netherlands

    0.1

    Germany

    0.2

    Armenia

    0.2

    Ireland

    0.2

    Denmark

    0.2

    Switzerland

    0.2

    Sweden

    0.2

    Slovenia

    0.2

    Slovakia

    0.2

    United Kingdom

    0.3

    Uzbekistan

    0.4

    Norway

    0.5

    Portugal

    0.5

    Czech Republic

    0.5

    Croatia

    0.6

    Poland

    0.6

    Hungary

    0.6

    Azerbaijan

    0.7

    Tajikistan

    0.7

    Greece

    0.7

    The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

    0.8

    Bulgaria

    0.8

    Latvia

    0.8

    Finland

    0.9

    Albania

    1.3

    Kyrgyzstan

    1.3

    Estonia

    2.2

    Romania

    2.2

    Lithuania

    2.3

    Belarus

    2.5

    Ukraine

    2.6

    Republic of Moldova

    2.8

    Russian Federation

    3.4

    Kazakhstan

    6.8


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    2.2 Mortality in children and adolescents from unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning), May 2007, http://www.enhis.org

    Fig.2. Standardised mortality rates for cause-specific unintentional injuries in the group aged 1-19 years, WHO European Region, 2003

    Fig.2c. Accidental falls

    Accidental falls, per 100000

    Georgia

    0.1

    Armenia

    0.1

    Netherlands

    0.1

    Denmark

    0.2

    Azerbaijan

    0.2

    United Kingdom

    0.2

    Hungary

    0.2

    Israel

    0.3

    Croatia

    0.3

    France

    0.3

    Germany

    0.3

    Slovakia

    0.4

    Spain

    0.4

    Italy

    0.4

    Czech Republic

    0.4

    Tajikistan

    0.4

    Republic of Moldova

    0.5

    Bulgaria

    0.6

    Greece

    0.6

    Norway

    0.6

    Poland

    0.6

    Switzerland

    0.6

    Latvia

    0.6

    Portugal

    0.6

    Estonia

    0.7

    Ireland

    0.7

    Lithuania

    0.8

    Ukraine

    0.9

    Albania

    0.9

    Slovenia

    1.0

    Austria

    1.3

    Kyrgyzstan

    1.3

    Romania

    1.3

    Uzbekistan

    1.3

    Kazakhstan

    1.3

    Russian Federation

    1.6

    Belarus

    1.7

    2.2 Mortality in children and adolescents from unintentional injuries (falls, drowning, fires and poisoning), May 2007, http://www.enhis.org

    Fig.2. Standardised mortality rates for cause-specific unintentional injuries in the group aged 1-19 years, WHO European Region, 2003

    Fig.2d. Exposure to smoke, fire and flames

    Exposure to smoke, fire and flames, per 100000

    Czech Republic

    0.1

    Finland

    0.1

    Greece

    0.1